Frequently asked questions
How the Breed Health Score works, where the data comes from, and how to use it.
What is the Breed Health Score?
A single 0 to 100 score for each dog breed (higher is healthier) that combines how long the breed typically lives, the health risk linked to its body shape, and its known hereditary conditions into one comparable number.
How is the score calculated?
It weights three parts: longevity 65%, conformation risk 20% and hereditary disease burden 15%. Longevity uses real median-lifespan data, conformation deducts for flat-faced and giant builds, and burden reflects known conditions weighted by severity. The full method is on the methodology page.
Where does the data come from?
Median lifespans are from a peer-reviewed study of 584,734 UK dogs (McMillan et al. 2024, published under CC-BY). Condition and conformation information is compiled from RVC VetCompass, the AKC, PDSA and the UK Kennel Club.
Is a higher score better?
Yes. A higher score means healthier on our scale, with grade A the healthiest and grade E the most at risk.
Why can a popular breed score lower?
Popular, well-studied breeds often have more conditions on record, and some have body shapes such as flat faces that are linked to health problems. The score reflects this, though the hereditary-burden part is weighted lightest because better-studied breeds tend to list more.
Is this veterinary advice?
No. The scores are independent estimates for comparing breeds. Always speak to a vet about your own dog, and remember a median lifespan is a population figure, not a prediction for one animal.
Can I use the data?
Yes. There is a free JSON API. Please credit Breed Health Score and respect the underlying data licence.
What does flat-faced (brachycephalic) mean?
It describes breeds with a short, flat skull shape, such as the Pug or Bulldog, which are prone to breathing (BOAS), eye and skin problems.
More detail on the methodology and glossary pages.